
Morris Sheppard, a Freedman, with his family, c. 1930s (18532, WPA Slave Narratives Collection, OHS)
Historical Figure
Creek Freedmen settlers
The Creek Freedmen settlers are formerly enslaved individuals who who were held in bondage by the Muscogee (Creek) Nation prior to the American Civil War. After the Civil War, they established thriving communities in Indian Territory, now known as Oklahoma. They played a significant role in the economic development of this region by creating businesses, schools, and churches, which became pivotal in fostering a sense of identity and community among African Americans. Their resilience and entrepreneurial spirit exemplify the enduring struggle for freedom and self-determination.

